Enable Rights and Choices of Indivduals with Dementia Whilst

ENABLE RIGHTS AND CHOICES OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENTIA WHILST MINIMISING RISKS 1 UNDERSTAND KEY LEGISLATION AND AGREED WAYS OF WORKING THAT SUPPORT THE FULFILMENT OF RIGHTS AND CHOICES OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENTIA WHILE MINIMISING RISK OF HARM 1.1 The key legislations are Adult and Incapacity Act 2000, Mental Health Act 2007, Disability Discrimination Act 1995, Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006 and the Mental Capacity Act 2005. Human Rights Act. These are all core principals of legislation regarding an individual with dementia. Policies and procedures and agreed ways of working and safeguarding Individuals is another key factor. All organisations and authorities have a duty of care towards an Individual with dementia, GPs, Social Workers, Health Visitors, Family and Carers. All Individuals with dementia have the rights to make choices. Individuals with dementia should be encouraged to make as many decisions as possible for them; however they must be guided so they stay within the Mental Capacity Act 2005. Related article: Legal and Organisational Requirements for Dealing With Complaints We must assume that the Individual with dementia has capacity unless it has been assumed that they lack the capacity to make choices. We must not think that an Individual is not to be treated as unable to make a decision unless this has been established. An Individual is not to be treated as unable to make a decision because they might not always make a wise decision. If a decision is made under the Mental Capacity Act on behalf of the Individual, the decision must be made for the best interests of the Individual. Before a decision can be made on behalf of the Individual we must ask ourselves whether the purpose of the decision can be effectively achieved in a way that would not restrict the Individuals rights and freedom of choice and action. We also have to adhere to the Human Rights Act and code of Practises. The Individual with dementia will have to be risk assessed. The Individual will be encouraged to make their own choices and decisions, if they make an unwise decision they should be offered other options which will help lead them to make a wise decision. Risk needs to be balanced with Independence and Individuals choices and working within legislations. We should not assume that all Individuals with dementia are vulnerable; this depends entirely on the stages of dementia. We should not restrict the Individuals from having choices and making decisions for themselves. Risk assessments can be very complex as no two assessors will come to the same conclusion regarding the Individual. We have to let the Individual with dementia take a certain amount of risk for themselves, allowing this to happen makes the Individual feel worthy and independent and more at ease with their illness. If we were to put everything an Individual did down as a risk the Individual would feel worthless, inadequate, and useless and they would feel that they are a burden on their family. We have to weigh up the risk against the danger this is the key. If we were to take away all the choices and decisions and have someone else make these decisions and choices on behalf of the Individual this would have a negative impact on the Individual as they would be having everything took away from them and they wouldn’t feel in control. A positive impact on allowing the Individual to take risks, the Individual can still do their day to day activities etc, make their own meals, make cups of tea, do their own housework, laundry, take bathes, go for walks. Wherever possible we should eliminate high risks and look at ways to reduce these risks so they become low risks etc, supporting an Individual to make their meal observing them so they don’t hurt themselves, or accompany them on a walk etc. 1.2 People with dementia may have other difficulties too, like loss of hearing, make sure that the hearing aids are working well and that you speak to them in a loud clear voice so they can understand you. The person could also be in pain or discomfort, they could be having side effects from medication which will affect the way they communicate with you. Other problems would be eyesight, make sure they are wearing the correct prescription of glasses. Dentures are important as well, if the dentures are loose fitting then this will affect the person’s speech and this will be frustrating for them . 3Personal Information comes under the Data Protection Act 1998. We have to make sure personal Information is confidential. We have to know how to handle the personal Information, agreed ways of working, policies and procedures are all legislation frameworks. The Information should be processed fairly and lawfully. The Personal Data should be processed for limited purposes. The informat ion should be adequate, relevant and the information should be for the purpose of whom the information is processed for. The information should be kept up to date and accurate. The information should not be kept longer than intended for. The Persona Data will be processed in accordance with the rights of data subject under the Act. Measures are in place to avoid the information being lost or unauthorised and unlawfully processed or damaged to. The Personal Information shall not be transferred to another country outside the European Economic Area unless that country ensures an adequate level of protection for the rights and freedoms of data. Personal Information may be shared with others, consent is needed to do this at all times from the Individual or in the case of an emergency, abuse, or if neglect is suspected. If the Individual is mentally incapable, informed consent should be given by the family or next of kin. Information that is shared with an advocate should be information that is for the Individuals best interest, Exchange of information from one organisation to another should be shared and done securely and access to the information should be controlled. Personal Information may be shared with carers who have access to the information regarding the service user. The carer will write up her findings when she has visited the service user and they will be on the log sheets in the care plan. When another carer goes to visit the service user they will look at the previous notes the other carer had documented and they will have a better understanding of the service user’s situation and needs. This is one form of information sharing also the carer will access information from the care plan and from the med sheets. If a service user was to be hospitalised the paramedics may need the care plan and log sheets so they can read up and see if any information documented is relevant to the response of the paramedic. Also if a service user was to go into a care home the care plan and log sheets would be taken in to the home so the relevant members of staff could read the data and have a better understanding of the service user. The Medication sheet would also be in with the care plan; a key factor is getting consent to access information. BE ABLE TO MAXIMISE THE RIGHTS AND CHOICES OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENTIA 2.1 SEE STANDARDS 2.2 It is very important not to assume that an Individual with dementia cannot make their own decisions. From the time the Individual has been diagnosed the time scale is important as this gives the Individual time and may be capacity or limited capacity to make own choices and decisions. This is the time when the relevant authorities should prompt the Individual and gather as much information about the Individual; this information can come from the Individual, the family, the next of kin. Information on preferences, choices and decisions and wishes. Information on Individuals life experiences, strengths and abilities, family history, favourite foods, pastimes, hobbies, favourite drinks, dislikes, likes, favourite radio station, favourite tv programmes, routines, clothes the Individual likes to wear and socialising. All the information and choices and preferences will help the Individual and the people supporting the individual prepare for the future. Early diagnosis of an Individual will give the Individual the rights to their freedom and this must be respected. As dementia advances the risk assessment plan will need to be reviewed and the care plan may need to change to accommodate the changes within the Individual. We should still encourage the Individual to make decisions and choices as much as possible, bearing in mind the risks which come with these decisions and choices. All the choices and decisions should be monitored and recorded. Taking away the rights of an Individual with dementia can be soul destroying, it can be frustrating, the Individual may become depressed, withdrawn, feel isolated, worthless, a burden, emotionally detatched and angry. Every emotion a normal person feels, the Individual with dementia will feel the same but on a higher scale. Dementia Individuals need to be in an environment of comfort and empowerment. The Individual will respond better to a person centered approach. The Individual needs to feel a sense of belonging and attached, they need to feel included and feel part of a group or physical setting, they need to be occupied and kept busy just as they was in their everyday life before they got the illness. Their environment needs to be created so that the Individual has support and can do the things they have always enjoyed doing. All Individuals with dementia have their own personal Identity they are all unique so learning about their life stories and experiences can be of benefit to the care they receive as the information learnt can be built into their interactions within their care plan needs. 2.3 SEE STANDARDS. 3 BE ABLE TO INVOLVE CARERS AND OTHERS IN SUPPORTING INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENTIA 3.1 SEE STANDARDS. 3.2 There can be conflicts and disagreements between carers and Individuals with dementia and also conflicts with family members. When the problem arises we have to address the problem and try and resolve the problem as soon as possible. We have to take into account the rights and choices of the Individual and balance this with the risk and safeguarding of the Individual. An Individual who has dementia may not want carers to come into their homes; they may not want anybody doing things for them and refuse the help. This can be frustrating for the carer however the carer may talk to the Individual in a subtle way and explain that he or she is not here to take over their lives but just here to help support them when they need help and just here to see that the Individual has had their medications. The carer will find it useful to read the Individuals notes and care plan and get as much information as possible on the Individual. The carer will have to reassure the Individual and try and gain their trust. The carer may ask the Individual if you could accompany them to the shops or to an appointment etc. The Individual must be allowed to take risks however if the risks look like they are dangerous or appear to be harmful we must explain the reasons to the Individual. If we cannot resolve the problem there and then, we must record the information and report it to the manager of the company supplying the service. The manager will take the appropriate action with the relevant authorities. The safeguarding of the Individual is paramount and we should never ignore potential high risks or dangers to the Individual, and we must work to policies and procedures and agreed ways of working at all times. 3.3 All organisations and service providers have a system for complaints and procedures these are legal requirements. Everybody has the right to complain about poor quality services, services not being delivered, services that Individuals need but are not being supplied, conflict with carers, service providers. The Individual will have a document of complaints within their care package. The document should be clear and informative on how to make a complaint. The document will state who the complaint should be made to and timescales for when the complaint will be dealt by. If an Individual with dementia wanted to make a complaint I would support them and if they wanted I would read the document to them and support them in filling out the form. If the Individual with dementia didn’t have full capacity to fill out the form I would liaise with the next of kin, family members or advocates. I would inform them that the Individual would like to make a complaint and if they would like to help the Individual to fill the form out providing the Individual gave consent. I would explain how the complaints system works and when they would receive a response to the complaint. I would inform my manager that the service user or service user’s family have made a complaint and I would take the complaint in an addressed envelope to my manager as soon as possible. When handling a complaints document with an Individual with dementia I would work within the Mental Capacity Act 2005. I would explain to the Individual and the next of kin that the document is confidential and that it will be dealt with in a professional manner and that the complainant has nothing to worry about regarding the complaint and explain that it is their right of choice to complain. I would also explain that whilst complaints are being dealt with it makes the service user resolve the problems and also it is of benefit to the organisations in ensuring the problems don’t occur again and that they get it right first time and this will have a positive impact on the organisations. If a carer wanted to make a complaint about another carer they would follow the same procedure in filling out the document and they would take it to the manager. The manager would explain that in making the complaint it does not jeopardise their employment as they have a right and choice as whether to make a complaint. The manager would work towards resolving the complaint in a professional manner so that the employees can move forward and be happy in their work. 4 BE ABLE TO MAINTAIN THE PRIVACY DIGNITY AND RESPECT OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DEMENTIA WHILST PROMOTING RIGHTS AND CHOICES 4.1 From a personal experience of supporting an Individual with dementia to maintain privacy and dignity, I have found that the more I get to know the Individual and them getting to know me the easier it has become for both of us to feel comfortable about maintaining privacy and dignity. Personal care and hygiene is a key factor. We should support the Individual to maintain their personal hygiene and appearance and their living environment to the standards that they want. We should respect their choices and decisions of choice of dress, hairstyle etc. We should let the Individual with dementia make own choices and decisions. We should not make assumptions about standards of hygiene for Individuals. We should respect cultural factors and take them into consideration when supporting the Individual. Supporting the Individual to have a clean appearance and pleasant environment is good for the Individuals self esteem. Supporting female Individuals with dementia helps them to keep their home nice and clean and helps towards maintaining their dignity and self respect. Supporting a male Individual with dementia, he may need support with shaving, maybe prompting the Individual to shave will all it will take and the Individual may go to the bathroom and have a shave and this will allow him to maintain his dignity and respect for himself. Supporting an Individual to have good hygiene will also reduce the risk of infection and promote well being. We should ensure that the Individuals personal preferences are respected as well as their choice in how to support them. Personal hygiene can be of many aspects, washing, bathing, showering, denture care, oral hygiene, foot care, hair care, grooming, nail care, toilet care , continence needs, dressing and undressing, laundry and housekeeping. We should treat every Individual with dementia with respect like we would anybody else. We should provide a person centered approach towards their care, putting the Individual at the centre of care. Communication shows how we respect the Individuals and this will help maintain their dignity and respect. Privacy is also a key factor for an Individual with dementia; privacy must be respected at all times. We should respect privacy where people have personal relationships and sexual relationships. We should always ask permission and knock before we enter an Individuals personal space. We should get permission before accessing Individuals possessions and documents; we should provide space and privacy for Individuals private conversations. We should make sure the Individual receives their personal mail unopened, we should always pull the door too if the Individual is getting dressed or undressed and doesn’t require support. We must comply with the Human Rights Act 1998 as this gives the Individual the rights for respect, dignity, privacy and a private family life. Individuals with dementia should receive care and treatment in a dignified manner that does not embarrass them, humiliate them or expose them. Legislation states that the Individual with dementia are to be treated as equal to everybody else. If an Individual with dementia had a toilet accident or was having regular toilet accidents, I would support the Individual by assuring them that it is ok and that it doesn’t matter and that it can be cleaned up. I would encourage the Individual to go to the bathroom whilst still assuring them. I would close the bathroom door and support the Individual to take off their soiled clothing and prompt the Individual to maybe shower or have a bath or a wash whilst still ensuring them everything is ok, I would encourage the Individual to have a bath in privacy that’s if they didn’t need support with getting in the bath or shower, I would let them wash themselves in privacy and when they had finished I would knock on the door and ask if they were ok and support them to put clean fresh clothes on so they feel fresh and clean again. If the problem was ongoing I would report the problem to my manager as the Individual may need extra support and may need continence pads or pants, I would also discuss this with the Individual in a subtle way. I would work to policies and procedures and agreed ways of working and adhere to professional boundaries. 4. 2 SEE STANDARDS. 4. 3 SEE STANDARDS.

Animal Testing Is Morally Wrong

Testing on Animals is Morally Wrong In today’s world, large corporations seem to have decided that animal testing is an acceptable way to produce products that are safe for human use at the expense of innocent animals everywhere. Sadly, with large-scale corporations focused far more on money and profit than on the wellbeing of, safety and health of animals of all kinds. The Government has completed hundreds of tests through out the years, and there has been very dismal proof that conducting the animal testing is benefit to humans, even though morally it is unspeakably wrong.To better understand how humans started using animals to conduct product testing, it is important to look back into our history. In the past, animals were thought of as food and years later, we needed animals such as cattle and horses as a means of transportation by land and to help lighten the human workload. Years later it became possible to keep animals as pets and sources of entertainment. Now we have a nimals as companions and are thought of as members of our families: they are valuable and loved by many.Sadly, although the general population would never want to harm an animal, the corporate machine that functions all around the world runs on earning money based on the exploitation of people and animals. This goes against our current general outlook on the value of animal’s lives yet to mega corporations, these creatures have no legal voice or overpowering representation to save them from torture, abuse and death during product testing. There are two different kinds of animal testing. The first is animal experimentation, in which the laboratory animal may only have a minute or so of pain and discomfort.The second is called vivisection, which is the most inhumane form of animal testing. Vivisection is when an animal is tested on while not under any form of anesthesia to keep the animal from feeling pain. This form of testing is conducted when the animal is awake and feeling an incredible amount of pain. Both of these forms of animal testing are inhumane because even during the less horrific of the two testing processes, animals can sustain critical issues that come from the testing long after the tests are completed and the anesthesia has warn off.Although animals cannot speak for themselves, they desperately need human legal representation to act on their behalf as far as texting human products on animals that can threaten their wellbeing and lives. Due to the horrific animal abuses that happen in the US and abroad there are understandably many outraged animal rights activists that are involved organizations that work to stop animal testing. Since animals are obviously very different that humans it does morally makes sense to test products that are meant for human use and consumption.This can really hurt an animal and cause a lifetime of harm that we humans will never fully understand. There are many dangers to humans that are associated with animal t esting as well. If a product or drug is tested on animals with no known side effects that product can then be sold for human use but because animals and humans are so different a new drug coming straight from animal testing will undoubtedly have a slightly different effect on the human than on the animal and sometimes the effect is very serious.If illness or death occurs then tax dollars that Americans pay to companies that use animal testing for new drugs will be wasted on a product that undoubtedly harmed animals and also humans. At the same time, animals that react poorly to testing can cause medicine or other products that could benefit humans from being distributed simply because humans and animals will react differently to different things. There are many companies that have decided to stand up for animals and test many products on humans instead of abusing animals during the testing process.This is particularly common when testing makeup; skincare products and hair care produ cts. Companies that use natural ingredients especially, feel that they can safely test their products on humans. An entire market has been built upon the choice not to test on animals and people who care about animals will pay much more for products that were not tested on animals. It is my hope that more corporations especially will take a stand for animals and realize that their actions deeply harm animals and that money is ess important then the life of an animal. Research has proven that what works for them, does not necessarily work for us. I believe that it is a waste of American taxes to continue testing animals. Animals are a major part of our world and deserve more respect and care then they are currently given. It is my hope that we can stop cruel testing on animals and find new ways to test medicines and products that do not destroy the lives of animals.

Satisfactory Academic Appeal Form

May I respectfully ask for your patience and understanding as I explain my justifications for appealing to you. In essence, I will be discussing one major issue that influenced my two subjects. I pray that this will greatly shed light and not give a lopsided or biased point-of-view of my present predicament. As the facts evidently point out, I have had extreme difficulty in both, my History and Psychology classes. In this regard, I have spent much time contemplating on the parameters that insinuate the validity or invalidity of my claims with reference to the situations and reasons stated in the Satisfactory Academic Progress Appeal Form. As such, I deeply and strongly believe that my basis for appealing is legitimate and warrants your kind consideration. Allow me to first state that English is not my first language. Therefore, I have great difficulty to both effectively communicate and to be communicated upon. With this reality, I honestly admit that it has taken me a vast amount of time and effort just to construct this appeal. This is thus the primary reason for my shortcomings in my academics. I have relentlessly tried to understand and speak with my professors to help me because of this reason. This is the case in my History class, where I find it hard to understand my professor with all the facts and events I as a student have to comprehend in the subject. The same case somehow reflects my problem in my Psychology class, as when my professor will recommend that I read the book every time I ask for his help. I feel that as much as my professors want to accommodate me, this communication barrier tends to be an overwhelming obstacle at times. This does not even account for the fact that I am not the only student they have. Let it be known that I have no intention of directing my inadequacy on my professors. This is not an interpersonal problem with them. I have no queries on whether or not my professors’ styles of teaching are hard or not. My only concern is centered upon my own faults that have become detrimental to my performance and growth not just as a student, but as a person as well. Therefore, I appeal to your compassionate and understanding heart for the consideration of my case. I only hope that you grant me this new opportunity to be a good student and a better person. I place my future in your hands. Thank you very much for then attention you have generously granted to me.

Reflection Paper in Terms of What I Learned in Software Access 2010 Essay

Reflection Paper in Terms of What I Learned in Software Access 2010 - Essay Example Juxtaposition between the learning objectives and expected outcomes versus my current abilities also proves that I am much better informed now than I was at the beginning of the course. The appropriate introduction that was given at the beginning of the course allowed me to have a good and concrete background and understanding of the big picture of business information systems and their application within business processes. My current proficiency and mastery of the various concepts that are stipulated within the objectives of the course are therefore as a result of the effective course introduction. The introduction of the course was followed into deeper study of Relational Database Models for the Logical and conceptual modeling of business processes within which I attained my current adequate comprehension of how business processes can be modeled to ensure that they are both efficient and aligned to the mission, vision and goals of an organization. At the end of the course, I am confident that I am able to design and model an effective business process that would be applied to realize goals of a large enterprise. The assessments and peer review of my performance m otivated the achievement of the desired course outcomes. My skills in modeling of business processes in the application of information systems advanced with more study of the course material and exercises which comprised both individual and group work. My first essay acted as a guiding framework within which I understood my goals which allowed me to employ the guidance of the instructor and group members as well as effective learning approached to achieve skills required for advanced modeling. This is the reason why I have a desirable understanding of all concepts in advanced business modeling and ability to apply them within a work environment to instill improvements in work processes. The ability that I gained to present these concepts within the blackboard reveals that the course had allowed me to acquire and gain from both understanding knowledge and skills of articulating them through a presentation. This means that I have acquired relevant business communication skills of conc epts as required for the human resource within the contemporary competitive business environment. I boldly mention that through this course I have also gained managerial skills especially in planning for disasters and application of various strategies and measures to recover from various disasters that could befall a business information system. I greatly appreciate the role of security policy for securing information systems from possible risk issues that which may result to discontinuity of operations and resultant losses to an organization. In addition the querying of systems for acquisition of information for decision making is an aspect that I am specifically good at through the leaning processes of the course. This includes financial information which is applicable by managers in the making decisions on the strategies that are to be employed in improving business performance. My proficiency in Access 2010 is one of the most notable achievements that I would point out that the course has allowed me to achieve. Group activities and assignments in Acquisition and Revenue Cycles allowed me to focus and work hard in the use of Access 2010 for statistical analysis of business data including financial information which is an inevitable application within modern business organizations. I am now knowledgeable and experienced in the use of Ac

Law of Property Act 1925's Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Law of Property Act 1925's - Research Paper Example The land is defined in the Law of Property Act 1925, s. 205(1)(ix) as including 'the surface, buildings or parts of buildings' and whatever is attached to the land becomes part of the land. This raises, in practice, an important problem relating to ownership of those items which, but for the fact that they are attached to the land, would constitute chattels. The distinction needs to be drawn between those items which are fixtures, and therefore part of the reality, and those which are not, and therefore remain personally. One of the very established presumptions of UK Land Law is that whatever is attached to the land is part of the land as a fixture. Thus, if the land is sold, items which can be classed as fixtures pass to the buyer as part of the reality. There is no need for separate mention of these items in the contract as would be the case for chattels. An object which is brought onto land may be classified under one of three Broadheads. In general, a thing fixed to or in a relationship with the land is a fixture and is legally treated as a party of the land itself. The doctrine, therefore, transforms the personal property into real property. The doctrine of fixtures can have dramatic consequences. In Brand Vs Chris Building Society Pty Ltd a house built on the wrong block of land became part of that land, rendering it the property of the owner of the land. It can be difficult to distinguish between chattels and fixtures. The general rule is that when something is annexed to the land it becomes part of the land. It is, however, very difficult to say with precision what constitutes sufficient annexation. Should first look at extrinsic clues, most notably any contract between the parties.

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Media Criticism - Term Paper Example This order attempts to outline why Dr. Phil show serves as the best show for the audience. Dr. Phil invites the victims of various life challenges on the stage before the audience and they get a chance to describe their challenges. The session is couple with videos or recordings of the activities that may have led to the problem for the victim. In many cases, the challenges involve unusual behaviours that people develop as a result of engaging in some activities or conflicts between parents, children or lovers. The program is considered to be the best because Dr. Phil engages the victim to get to the root cause of the problem. It is also captivating because it involves different issues that affect members of the society and thus many people can relate to the problems being solved and also gain solutions to their problems (McGraw 45). I love Dr. Phil show because I get to realise many challenges that people face in their life. For instance, issues of dating a person who is addicted to certain drugs or behaviours are common in Dr. Phil show. In a certain show a lady and her boyfriend were introduced before the audience where her boyfriend had forced her to engage in different types of drugs including the hard drugs. Her parents were so disappointed that she would not listen to them anymore due to her obsession with her boyfriend. When she was introduced on Dr. Phil, she admitted that her relationship with her boyfriend had completely changed her behaviour but she was not will to quit the relationship. Although she promised to change after receiving advice from Dr. Phil, the lesson was critical especially to young people that lovers can change one’s life and behaviour completely. Dr. Phil show is thus essential to almost all members of the societies since different people have different life challenges that they can connect with in the show. Dr. Phil show attracts a lot of audience

Identifying Instructional Resources Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Identifying Instructional Resources - Essay Example This activity supports the instructional objective by giving the students multiple representations of the content: first, they read the content in our class text. Next, they identify the most important information in the text - that which defines and gives the function of the three branches of government. Lastly, they place the informational in a new organizational context - the Concept/Definition Graphic Organizer. This activity is well suited to the students' academic level because it requires comprehension of text, the selection of important content, summarizing that content, and placing it a new context. The graphic organizer will show the content in a new context for students, and more contexts will yield a more thorough understanding. From page 214 in the manual, students develop their understanding of the instructional objectives through the use of a Comparison Matrix. It asks them to compare and contrast the different branches of governments and their various responsibilities, including those of checks and balances. To practice multiple representations of content, they also create a picture or illustration using paper and markers provided by the teacher demonstrating their knowledge of checks and balances. ... Instructional objectives: - compare and contrast the different branches and their role within the U.S. - demonstrate an understanding of checks and balances by illustrating in a picture. - use word processor; create a paragraph explaining each branch of government. From page 214 in the manual, students develop their understanding of the instructional objectives through the use of a Comparison Matrix. It asks them to compare and contrast the different branches of governments and their various responsibilities, including those of checks and balances. To practice multiple representations of content, they also create a picture or illustration using paper and markers provided by the teacher demonstrating their knowledge of checks and balances. Students then use the Comparison Matrix as an outline for an essay that they complete using a word processing program. These activities should be highly engaging for students because they employ several different learning modalities and are at a skill level that is challenging but attainable for their age group. Resources: Internet access. Reuters. http://www.reuters.com/; cnn.com: http://www.cnn.com/; and The New York Times Online: http://www.cnn.com/ Instructional objectives: - locate and be able to discuss current issues in the media concerning the government. - formulate at least two concerns/problems that would fall under the jurisdiction of the branches of government. Students find current issues in media concerning the government by using Internet search engines. They write a summary of these issues using a word-processing program. They include two examples of a current issue for each of the three branches of government. These activities link the abstract notions of what government does with

Forrensic computing - securing evidence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Forrensic computing - securing evidence - Essay Example Archie Rival, who got the job, says he is very happy with Axta’s work and doesn’t feel there is any conflict. However, at a recent annual review meeting the shipping clerk Asif Iwud told his reviewer in confidence that he believed Axta had not ‘forgotten and forgiven but had other fish to fry’. He believes she will be resigning soon and is hoping to get her job. Evidence is the means and materials that enable a case to be proven. The evidence shows the actual events that took place in any situation, and evidence can either be Digital, Electronic or physical. Digital Evidence is the information that is transmitted or stored in computers in binary form, and which is admissible in a court of law. Electronic Evidence is evidence or data of investigative value which can be stored and transmitted by electronic devices. Various jurisdictions allow for various principles concerning electronic evidence, but these principles are quite similar to the principles defined by the ACPO (Association of Chief Police Officers). 4 principles of digital and electronic evidence are defined in the third version of the Good Practice Guide for Computer Based Evidence, and these will be described here. Whenever there is cause for computers to be confiscated for forensic examination, there are some pointers as regards the ACPO (Association of Chief Police Officers) Guide for Good Practice concerning digital and electronic evidence. The guidelines are basically for Police Officers in the United Kingdom, but it is good practice to follow these guidelines especially when there is need to seize and examine electronic data. It is also good practice to treat electronic data in the same manner as physical or traditional forensic evidence, and the ACPO guidelines are aimed at achieving the required standards. Also following these principles will ensure the integrity of the case and, ensure that the steps taken are in compliance with the

Inter War years (Between 1st and 2nd World War) Research Paper

Inter War years (Between 1st and 2nd World War) - Research Paper Example Overall this era set the foundation for what was to come ahead in form of Second world war and the cold war that followed afterwards. The inter war period can be termed as bridge era between the two major wars. It had its economic impacts, political, geographical and almost all important factors that determine the fate of any nation and region. This era can be stretched from the November 1918 and the most notable of those months and event was the Treaty of Versailles (Slavicek 2010), which according to many critiques and historians served as the reason towards the Second World War. The treaty of Versailles had its own importance and impact on the history. This treaty was full of many clauses and aspects which left deep animosity in the hearts of Germans. The lone clause of â€Å"war guilt† ( Ringer 2005, 72) served more severe than any. This clause had political, geographical as well as strategic repercussions. Areas of strategic importance were taken from Germany, large repar ations were imposed on them, their military might was cut to pieces and various other aspects which left bitter feeling in the hearts of Germans and made them resolve them taking revenge in upcoming years. The sick man of Europe, Turkey and the Ottoman Empire was on its last leg, and these days served its ending season. The empire officially came to an end (Al-Rasheed 2002, 2). As a result of defeat and ultimately treaty, the Ottoman Empire collapsed and Turkey was reduced to a small unit. Turkey the former Ottoman Empire had to cede many areas and areas like Cyprus and Mesopotamia were separated from the Mega Empire and United Kingdom performed the honors and over took these areas. Other event that took place in parallel was that of creation of Irish state. While revolts and unrest had erupted couple of years back, but it has to settle down only at the end of the war, when Great Britain finally gave up to the demand of Irish people and allowed it creating its own borders and state with its over sovereign government and representation. Other notable event that took place the rise of Egypt and new state development in that part. While it had remained a colony and an occupied land in the 19th century under Napoleon and remained a land of strategic importance, eventually became independent from the status of British colony. The establishment of League of Nations was another major event that took place during the inter war period (Sengupta 2008, 173). The aim of this entity was to ensure no war of similar sort takes place again, it did pass number of resolutions, made some treaties, interventions were introduced, yet it could not live up to the expectation and seeing in a longer run, League of nation could not revert the deadly war that was awaiting the world and humanity. The Russian revolution in the name of socialism came into full force as well ((Smele 2006). This was the period of 1923 to 1924. As it is being said, that the first causality of war is humanity, it was the case in this regard as well. Much was invested over the military might, and the human suffering was exposed both in from of war and the inter period where the mighty nations spent more on ensuring mighty military than helping the poor. The soviet republic was a worse example in this regard and human suffering w

History Discussion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

History Discussion - Research Paper Example election system, four critical elements were highlighted, namely: the nomination of candidates, the Electoral College, the popular electors’ election, and the presidential election in the house when none of the candidates receives a majority in the process. Further, the campaigns were more of the candidate’s regional rivalries and personality than divisive national issue and partisan politics. In fact, candidates did not campaign, but the actual campaigning exercise was carried out by surrogates and mangers, with various partisans speaking and writing in candidates’ favor throughout the year. The presidential election involved three key figures in the History of America, and was decided in the House of Representatives. Here, one man won, the other helped him win, yet another one stormed out of Washington criticizing the whole affair as â€Å" a corrupt bargain† The dubious elections of 1824 was known as the most controversial of all the elections in American history. It was as much a race of favorite sons as it was a disagreement over policy, though positions on international improvements and tariffs did create some noticeable conflicts. In general, the contestants were favored by varying parts of the country. Jackson was strong in the West, South, and mid-Atlantic, Adams in the northeast, Henry Clay in some parts of the West, while William H. Crawford was strong in the East. The secretary of War at the time, John C. Calhoun, was initially the fifth candidate at the beginning consideration, but rather opted to contest for the vice presidency. Afterward, he backed Jackson once he sensed that Crawford would be more popular in the South. Jackson and Adams supporters backed Calhoun, thus giving him an effortless majority of votes for vice presidency. The 1824 presidential election was characterized by many forms. Well known tunes which were lyrically sang, were used to promote presidential candidates and their political agendas. Newsprints were also circulated

Business ownership Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business ownership - Term Paper Example It is always the dream of any person to own such multinational companies and successful businesses but what hinders everything is how to start, choose, plan and manage. This has always been a big challenge considering any business whether successful or still in the growing stage. Different people would have different views and plans on which business to start due the varying levels of understanding and desires. Such decisions are also affected by the availability of resources such as land, capital, labor and experience. Speaking from my point of view about the type of business that I would like to start someday given enough resources, this is what I would have in mind; starting my own business, sole proprietorship, and to be specific a computer components and accessories merchandise. I have a great passion in computer accessories and given that the business has a ready market, I consider it the best option to take. I would choose to be a sole proprietor where I would assume complete responsibility to anything that happens and also the liabilities and debts. In opening such a business, there are various factors that must be taken into account and this are explained below. For the marketing concept I would choose to do this critically by actually considering all the factors that my business would be dealing with. First of all and most important of all is to create and distribute well-designed and good business cards and posters throughout my locality with brief descriptions of what the business offers and the benefits that one gets by considering to purchase from the business. in doing the marketing, the main target market will be the youth aged between 15 to 35 given that this is the age group that has been seen to make higher purchases especially as it regards computer accessories. My marketing strategies through posters will mainly target to reach this group by ensuring to reach schools, colleges and other youth assembling places such as gymnasiums (Harper 22) . Since my company would be dealing with computer technology which is characterized by time to time updates and innovation, attending of trade shows would also form the basis of my marketing concept. This would allow me to promote my products and services and will also facilitate collection of information from other companies playing a part in the same market. Attending these shows would also offer resources for locating diverse venues around the country where I could get potential customers and more ideas for developing the business. Other important marketing concepts would also include networking at my local chamber of commerce and building strong relationship with local media outlets. Ensuring that people and your clients find my business over the web and internet in general would form the last and most important of all factors of marketing of my product and company. I will ensure to create a company profile of my new business in both facebook and twitter as this is the place to reach the target age group easily (Paulson 31). For the type of distribution, I would design and use selective distribution where I would actually rely on few intermediaries that would actually carry and transport the computer appliances from the other retail shops. This distribution would also be dependent on the regions where this product would actually have more sales. An analysis will be done across major cities and towns to find retail shops

Ideas And Issues In The Visit And A Chronicle Of A Death Foretold Essay Example for Free

Ideas And Issues In The Visit And A Chronicle Of A Death Foretold Essay Many works of contemporary literature discuss ideas and topics which are seen in the world around us today. These themes are either directly demonstrated or implied. Two works as such are The Visit by Friedrich Durrenmatt and A Chronicle of a Death Foretold by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. The issues raised in these two books are justice, communication, tradition, and moral values. Tradition is the ongoing obligation to commit to something, which is an act that has existed for many years. More often than not, tradition helps keep a community in one piece, much like laws do. In other cases, tradition obligates people and makes them do things they normally wouldnt do. In A Chronicle of a Death Foretold, tradition is one of the forces that drives the Vicario twins to kill Santiago Nasar and therefore clean their familys name. However, the Vicario brothers try to escape tradition. They had a debt which they greatly doubted and criticized. They know what the whole town expects them to do. But on the other side, their everyday life and friendship with Santiago Nasar, their victim, fills them with haste to fulfill tradition and do their pre-said duty. In The Visit, its tradition in the first place that brings the much anticipated lady Zachanassian to Guellen. So, in other words, tradition kills Ill as well as Santiago Nasar. Intertwined with the complications of tradition are the moral values behind any clearly human act. The only reason tradition has always been so difficult to adhere to is because of the moral issues behind the acts that tradition is composed of. This is seen in both pieces. In A Chronicle of a Death Foretold, the Vicario brothers are in a state of great misfortune not only because of the shame inflicted upon the Vicario family name but also because of the deed the have to carry out. However they also want their duty to be done. In an attempt to combine both, the twins unsuccessfully try to be caught whilst looking for Santiago Nasar. In other words, they seek someone to stop them by telling the whole town of their intentions. ,in reality it seemed that the Vicario brothers had done nothing right with a view to killing Santiago Nasar immediately and without any public spectacle, but had done much more than could be imagined to have someone stop them from killing him, and they had failed (p. 56). In The Visit, the town tries to hold its moral values despite the ironic reward the people and state will get if they do not. Later on in the book, even though Guellen has completely lost its morality and plans on doing Maddamme Zachanassians bidding and killing Ill, the townspeople will not admit, whatsoever that they have lost their towns values. Moreover, they blame Ill for not having any morality and tell him that if he had any values he would use a gun on himself outright. Ill, however denies the Mayors suggestion. Mayor: Pity. Youre missing a chance to redeem yourself and be a more or less decent human being. (p. 81) Tradition and the morality behind it are the two most ancient forms of justice. Today, justice is defined by laws and mainly is democratic and clear. But every person has their own form of justice for things, often acquiring either guilt or praise thereafter; or none of the two. Self-justice is reflexively self-justifying. In The Chronicle of a Death Foretold, the Vicario brothers want Justice. However, their morality, as discussed above, does not allow them to justify their familys shame by killing Santiago Nasar. For the sake of tradition they kill Santiago anyway. Pablo and Pedro Vicario tell everybody they come across that they will kill Santiago Nasar, hoping to get caught.. That way, they would have done their justice and duty as the brothers of Angela Vicario, the violated girl, by attempting to kill Santiago and not actually slaying him. They do not commit a crime the do not want to commit and which they consider immoral. Also, when Santiago appears to them, the Vicario twins do not face him head on. Instead they give him a chance of escape by remaining of the opposite side of the street and giving him a head-start through their body language. Clara Zachanassian in The Visit loses all of her moralities during her childhood as a prostitute and thus ends up defying the right and wrong of justice. Therefore, she goes ahead and offers money for an assassination. The townspeople of Guellen try to force back their moralities but fail to do so. As a result they take an alternative route to solving their problem. They masquerade the immorality of the crime of murder as justice. What follows is that they kill Ill with their bare hands. For justice and tradition to be enforced, a clear communication line must be drawn. Communication is what leads to the smooth flow of traditions and miscommunication to their collapse of justice. Morality has to do with a persons ability to communicate to oneself what they truly consider right or wrong; in this case it is contributed to justice and questionable traditions. Pedro and Pablo Vicarios failure to alert the whole town of Riochacha of their imminent crime is a result of poor communication. They misinterpreted the ability of the townspeople to pass on information and the rate in which the news would diffuse their way to Santiago Nasar or to the police. However they did not take one aspect of tradition into account: But most of those who could have done something to prevent the crime and did not consoled themselves with the pretext that affairs of honor are sacred monopolies [according to tradition], giving access only to those who are part of the drama. (p. 114). So, according to tradition, most people in town could not tell the authorities, nor anyone for that matter, about the Vicario twins and on top of that they could justify themselves by blaming it on the towns ethics. Destiny makes us invisible (Quote, Gabriel Garcia Marquez, 1928) The town of Guellen, on the other hand, had a level of communication between them far better than any other. They could communicate through the sub-conscious. It is not exactly stated that the Guelleners had actually decided upon killing Ill, so this could be assumed. They were very well organized and swift in killing Ill, as they were able to put many new products they wanted, more than needed, on account. As is clear, tradition, morality and justice are all connectable aspects which are usually bound together by a means of communication. Situations become elaborate and complications arise. The Chronicle of a Death Foretold and The Visit are two great examples of a situation that results from the combinations of those four issues.

Characteristics of a Failed State

Characteristics of a Failed State The termÂÂ  failed stateÂÂ  is often used to describe a stateÂÂ  perceived as having failed at some of the basic conditions and responsibilities of aÂÂ  sovereign government. In order to make this definition more precise, the following attributes, are often used to characterize a failed state: loss of physical control of its territory, or of the monopoly on the legitimate use of physical forceÂÂ  therein, erosion of legitimate authority to make collective decisions, an inability to provide reasonable public services, and An inability to interact with other states as a full member of the international community Common characteristics of aÂÂ  failing stateÂÂ  include a central government so weak or ineffective that it has little practical control over much of its territory; non-provision of public services; widespread corruption and criminality; refugees and involuntary movement of populations; and sharp economic decline A state could be said to succeed if it maintains, in the words ofÂÂ  Max Weber, aÂÂ  monopoly on the legitimate use of physical forceÂÂ  within its borders. When this is broken (e.g., through the dominant presence ofÂÂ  warlords,ÂÂ  paramilitaryÂÂ  groups, orÂÂ  terrorism), the very existence of the state becomes dubious, and the state becomes aÂÂ  failed state. The difficulty of determining whether a government maintains a monopoly on the legitimate use of force (which includes the problems of the definition of legitimate) means it is not clear precisely when a state can be said to have failed. This problem of legitimacy can be solved by understanding what Weber intended by it. Weber clearly explains that only the state has the means of production necessary for physical violence (politics as vocation). This means that the state does not require legitimacy for achieving monopoly on the means of violence (de facto) but will need one if it needs to use it (de jure). The term is also used in the sense of a state that has been rendered ineffective (i.e., has nominal military/police control over its territory only in the sense of having no armed opposition groups directly challenging state authority; in short, the no news is good news approach) and is not able to enforce its laws uniformly because of high crime rates, extremeÂÂ  political corruption, an extensiveÂÂ  informal market, impenetrable bureaucracy, judicial ineffectiveness, military interference in politics, cultural situations in which traditional leaders wield more power than the state over a certain area but do not compete with the state, or a number of other factors. TheÂÂ  Crisis States Research CentreÂÂ  defines a failed state as a condition of state collapse -ÂÂ  i.e., aÂÂ  stateÂÂ  that can no longer perform its basic security and development functions and that has no effective control over its territory and borders. A failed state is one that can no longer reproduce the conditions for its own existence. This term is used in very contradictory ways in the policy community (for instance, there is a tendency to label a poorly performing state as failed a tendency the Crisis States Research Centre rejects). The opposite of a failed state is an enduring state and the absolute dividing line between these two conditions is difficult to ascertain at the margins. Even in a failed state, some elements of the state, such as local state organisations, might continue to exist. Indicators of state vulnerability The indexs ranks are based on twelve indicators of state vulnerability four social, two economic and six political. The indicators are not designed to forecast when states may experience violence or collapse. Instead, they are meant to measure a states vulnerability to collapse or conflict. All countries in the red (Alert, FSI of 90 or more), orange (Warning, FSI of 60 or more), or yellow (Moderate, FSI of 30 or more) categories display some features that make parts of their societies and institutions vulnerable to failure. Some in the yellow zone may be failing at a faster rate than those in the more dangerous orange or red zones, and therefore could experience violence sooner. Conversely, some in the red zone, though critical, may exhibit some positive signs of recovery or be deteriorating slowly, giving them time to adopt mitigating strategies. Social indicators Demographic pressures:ÂÂ  including the pressures deriving from high population density relative to food supply and other life-sustaining resources. The pressure from a populations settlement patterns and physical settings, including border disputes, ownership or occupancy of land, access to transportation outlets, control of religious or historical sites, and proximity to environmental hazards. Massive movement of refugees and internally displaced peoples:ÂÂ  forced uprooting of large communities as a result of random or targeted violence and/or repression, causing food shortages, disease, lack of clean water, land competition, and turmoil that can spiral into larger humanitarian and security problems, both within and between countries. Legacy of vengeance-seeking group grievance:ÂÂ  based on recent or past injustices, which could date back centuries. Including atrocities committed with impunity against communal groups and/or specific groups singled out by state authorities, or by dominant groups, for persecution or repression. Institutionalized political exclusion. PublicÂÂ  scapegoatingÂÂ  of groups believed to have acquired wealth, status or power as evidenced in the emergence of hate radio, pamphleteering and stereotypical or nationalistic political rhetoric. Chronic and sustained human flight:ÂÂ  both the brain drain of professionals, intellectuals and political dissidents and voluntary emigration of the middle class. Growth of exile/expatcommunities are also used as part of this indicator. [edit]Economic indicators Uneven economic development along group lines:ÂÂ  determined by group-based inequality, or perceived inequality, in education, jobs, and economic status. Also measured by group-based poverty levels, infant mortality rates, and education levels. Sharp and/or severe economic decline:ÂÂ  measured by a progressive economic decline of the society as a whole (using: per capita income, GNP, debt, child mortality rates, poverty levels, business failures.) A sudden drop in commodity prices, trade revenue, foreign investment or debt payments. Collapse or devaluation of the national currency and a growth of hidden economies, including the drug trade, smuggling, and capital flight. Failure of the state to pay salaries of government employees and armed forces or to meet other financial obligations to its citizens, such as pension payments. Political indicators Criminalization and/or delegitimisation of the state:ÂÂ  endemic corruption or profiteering by ruling elites and resistance to transparency, accountability and political representation. Includes any widespread loss of popular confidence in state institutions and processes. Progressive deterioration of public services:ÂÂ  a disappearance of basic state functions that serve the people, including failure to protect citizens from terrorism and violence and to provide essential services, such as health, education, sanitation, public transportation. Also using the state apparatus for agencies that serve the ruling elites, such as the security forces, presidential staff, central bank, diplomatic service, customs and collection agencies. Widespread violation of human rights:ÂÂ  an emergence of authoritarian, dictatorial or military rule in which constitutional and democratic institutions and processes are suspended or manipulated. Outbreaks of politically inspired (as opposed to criminal) violence against innocent civilians. A rising number of political prisoners or dissidents who are denied due process consistent with international norms and practices. Any widespread abuse of legal, political and social rights, including those of individuals, groups or cultural institutions (e.g., harassment of the press, politicization of the judiciary, internal use of military for political ends, public repression of political opponents, religious or cultural persecution.) Security apparatus as state within a state:ÂÂ  an emergence of elite orÂÂ  praetorian guardsÂÂ  that operate with impunity. Emergence of state-sponsored or state-supported private militias that terrorize political opponents, suspected enemies, or civilians seen to be sympathetic to the opposition. An army within an army that serves the interests of the dominant military or political clique. Emergence of rival militias, guerrilla forces or private armies in an armed struggle or protracted violent campaigns against state security forces. Rise of factionalised elites:ÂÂ  a fragmentation of ruling elites and state institutions along group lines. Use of aggressive nationalistic rhetoric by ruling elites, especially destructive forms of communalÂÂ  irredentismÂÂ  (e.g., Greater Serbia) or communal solidarity (e.g., ethnic cleansing, defending the faith). Intervention of other states or external factors:ÂÂ  military or Para-military engagement in the internal affairs of the state at risk by outside armies, states, identity groups or entities that affect the internal balance of power or resolution of the conflict. Intervention by donors, especially if there is a tendency towards over-dependence on foreign aid or peacekeeping missions.

Direct and Indirect Impacts on Health

Direct and Indirect Impacts on Health Daisy Paco The task You are required to prepare a written report based on the information gained from Identify, assess and discuss both direct and indirect impacts on health the following determinants have with regards to planning, implementation, and the evaluation of health interventions. Determinant factors Demographic distribution of populations According to Statistics New Zealand this year New Zealand has an estimated population of over 4.5 million which based on the record from 2006 census 4, 027, 947 it was increased. During 2010 New Zealander’s fertility rate or births per woman is 2.1 and median child birthing age was 30 while in Maori populations fertility rate is 2.8 and median age is 26. Also in 2010 the infant mortality rate was 5.1 per 1000 live births for the total population and the age-standardized mortality rate (technique used to allow populations to be compared when the age profiles of the populations are quite different)[1] was 3.8 per 1000 which evidently reduced from 4.8 in the year 2000 which only means that there is health improvement among their citizens. For the life expectancy of female child born in New Zealand in 2008 was 82.4 years, and for males was 78.8 years. As well as forecast shows that there will be an increase life expectancy at birth from 80-85 years by year 2050, thus corresponds t o expectation for decline infant mortality. Since the ageing population of New Zealand is predominantly growing the demand for health and disability services is increasing too. It is generally recognised that increased life expectancy, due partly to the success of health interventions, has resulted in many countries facing a growing challenge of chronic illnesses and disabilities and an increasing demand for both acute and long-term health services (Goulding et al 2003). In fact the population by 2050 is predicted to extent to 5.3million, 36years to 43years increase median age and an increase of 60 older people from 18% to 29%. Therefore at the very basic level the growing statistics of old age people will definitely surge demand for both informal and formal services of health in the future. Political values Political values are set of roles and behaviours that are being shaped from within the political world. People usually acquire their political values through political socialization. Where in it can be from their family members, social media, friends, in school, book and person’s unique experiences. This factor is very essential in such way that a person’s awareness will boost them to pay particular attention in their health. For instances the people around you can be effectively influential with regards to health by merely having the values taken from social adherence like for example from school or books thought to be â€Å"prevention is better than cure†, a family with such food preferences, choosing a healthy lifestyle that probably passed to their next kin, and advertisement from medias which people may learn from it. Religious beliefs In New Zealand the predominant religion is Christianity with over half the population based on New Zealand Census 2006. At about 55.6% identified themselves as Christians, while 34.7% had no religion and 4% with other religion affiliation. With the arrival of missionaries indigenous Maori population convert themselves to Christianity from being in animistic traditional religion. Denominations of main Christians include Roman Catholics, Methodism, Presbyterianism and Anglicanism. Others are Pentecostal, Baptist and Latter-day-Saint. Religious belief is a distinct way or strong belief on divine intervention, existence or control with destiny, supernatural power and worship of a deity or deities. People with strong religious belief may cope with stress better and may avoid such bad alternatives to lessen stress like alcohol, smoking and drugs. Another is going to worship keeps people physically active thus decreases the risk in acquiring certain diseases and disability. Moreover, there are also negative impacts of religious belief on health such as psychological well-being and self-esteem maybe affected, causes negative emotions like fear and stress that contributes to have negative physiological effects, individual might engage to vices like smoking, drug use and drinking alcohol and lastly might stereotype in the group. Human values Human values for me are the person’s own notion or concept of how things are given importance. It is all about the decision made by individual for the pursuit of doing what is right or what is expected of them. Health can be influence depending on individual preferences. For example, you can be as healthy as you wanted to and as you choose to be. A person with strong value to health knows how to become one by having healthy lifestyle, proper management of disease, physical activities and avoiding such vices. Hence, some people are just careless of their health because it doesn’t really matter to them as long as they enjoy what they do without thinking of possible future result like smoking causes lung cancer, drug used leads to withdrawal, depression, mental illness and drinking alcohol for liver damage. Ethnicity Ethnicity is described as distinctive cultural and social practice preserved within the group between generations, a sense of identification with the group and often a common genetic heritage, and a common history and origin (Last 1995). New Zealand ethnicity make-up is diverse increasingly. It includes European origin which is still the leading single group, Pacific Islander, Maori, Asian and others. Ethnicity can have significant impact on health and on uptake of health services. Thus understanding and knowledge on ethnic backgrounds of a population can help improve the healthcare of such population. In addition, it is being addressed here in New Zealand the disparities of health due to ethnic orientation. And it is said that there’s still a difference between access of health services between Maori and non-Maori’s despite the presence of Treaty of Waitangi which gives them right and privileges on health services. As well as there’s a limited access to health m erely by ethnic discrimination. Traditions Traditions is a way of behaving, doing something and thinking that is being passed down from great generation to generation within a certain group or society either through word of mouth or practice. Traditions disparities influences attitude of patients towards medical care and their ability to manage, understand, and deal with the progress of an illness, the consequences of medical treatment, and the meaning of a diagnosis. Patients and their families bring values and tradition related to reporting of symptoms, notions of health and illness, expectations for how health care will be delivered, and beliefs concerning medication and treatments. Furthermore, traditions impact patient expectations and roles, managing death and dying patient, how much information about treatment and illness are desired, family and gender roles, bereavement patterns, and decision making processes. Therefore, it is important that when giving care to patient we pay due respect with cultural and traditional differences and must remain non-judgemental when given data or information that is different from us. References: Wikipedia. (2014, August 25). Demographics of New Zealand Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia. RetrievedSeptember29, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_New_Zealand [1] Wikipedia. (2014, September 4). Age Adjustment. RetrievedSeptember29, 2014, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Age_adjustment Direct and Indirect Impacts on Health Direct and Indirect Impacts on Health 1. Identify, assess and discuss both direct and indirect impacts on health the following determinants have with regards to planning, implementation, and the evaluation of health intervention. Demographic distribution of population. The actual demographic distribution influences medical immediately and also in a roundabout way. In Completely New Zealand main the main population will be coping with Auckland. One of the most associated with migrants along with consumers are coping with this Auckland place. Thus, the requirement associated with well being ability will be additional throughout Auckland when compared with other areas associated with completely New Zealand. Folks need to have additional well being ability within the city place. In most nations around the world population is quite loaded with several places. Thus, it truly is hard to present player well being ability to help everybody. Moreover, several regions usually are not appropriate clear with the bad services. The idea measure likewise influences medical criteria. Several distant regions are very a long way away in the principal centre exactly where most of us are unable to accomplish generally there in time to offer the most beneficial health s ervices within the crisis. Inside Indian there is additional population associated with small get older. Whilst in Completely New Zealand you will find around 50, 000 people associated with old age while using difficulty with the dementia. Per just one study will probably be around 120000 after 07 a long time. Thus, will probably be a tremendous difficulty to the nation to handle the idea. b. Political values. Democratization can be a necessary to assure your thanks associated with human privileges, cultural money and also importance. As we key in the 3rd thousands of a long time your strategy associated with democratization is dispersing in order to a lot more countries. Your advancement, possibly be in which as it might, is moderately modest. Move forward throughout wellness morals to accomplish importance and also affection human nobility should not to last. Efforts to try and do importance throughout human companies tend to be invited perhaps by the nearly all reputable administrations. Market leaders assume the unequivocal aspect throughout getting ethical expectations throughout wellness recognition in which assure importance, money and also affection if you are. Politics beliefs dosage impact medical in a variety of technique. Politics get together has to make a decision your health-related spending budget. Moreover, government make a decision which often medicine might be distribut ed and also which often can not be distributed in the United States. Your politics get together also makes a decision the cost of your medicine and also drugs totally free medicine. For example, throughout Brand new Zealand individuals get cost-free drugs soon after many medications. The Costa Rica government also makes a decision in regards to the medical centre. Variety of hospitals and also area of the medical centre may be determined by the politics get together. Politics beliefs also effects about the amount of your health-related and also sanitary workers within your professional medical product. Certification in the workers also makes a decision by the government for your hospitals and also professional medical units. Govt sets a lot of the standards also for your looking forward to a scheduled appointment. Politics beliefs dosage also effects about the cost of remedy. Such as throughout The Indian subcontinent remedy associated with significant ailments similar to cancer, AS SISTS is free of cost throughout government hospitals. Therefore, politics beliefs have impacted the population wellness Religious beliefs. Religion will be the baseline with regard to take care of the wellbeing. Just like numerous religion have got their own values with regard to preserve wellbeing. As per Hinduism men and women prefer to take vegetable treatment as an alternative to look at the physician. Ayurveda will be the book from which Hindu receive tricks to treat the illness. Hindu men and women consider they have medical problems because of their bad points (Karma) they will perform. To the Muslim strict there are also unique values for your health issue. Muslim men and women prefer to eat residence food during their hospitalization. To the conventional treatment they will favour to visit to Hakim instead of physicians. Individuals involving Cameras will be more aware about replica. Consequently, they will compel the particular illnesses including HELPS by having the particular hazardous making love. The vast majority of orthodox men and women make use of to do hope with regard to restoration instead of treatm ent. The objective of Buddhist train would be to produce the brain to help its best possible which include the particular flawlessness involving sympathy as well as information. Otherworldly wealth includes building a merciful persona as well as dealing with the particular torment involving health issues as well as ruin inside a maximally ideal method. Buddhist community centre, as well as place professionals are usually offered to help you the particular traders who are curious by means of these types of practices. Human values Morals usually are grounded about socio-social, philosophical or maybe spiritual emotions connected with exactly what are good or maybe underhandedness. Morals is considered because the exercise to find affordable reason intended for spotting what is right or maybe inappropriate inside people routines as well as life-style. With this love, morals is surely an file format among wellbeing layout as well as traits, exactly where traits usually are perceived as helps as well as defences folks employ intended for picking targets, requires as well as actions. Morals look at the honest legitimacy on the conclusion. Price consists of each methodology as well as conclusion. A great functional methodology should be to appraise the influence connected with specific wellbeing selections about worth also to promise that selections taken complete increase worth. The actual progression as well as assurance connected with people legal rights as well as connected with therapeutic products and service s have been in a simple impression interfaced. The correct on the solitary individual to get correct data encouraged sanctioning the mandatory data scars about cigarettes leading to a confident health insurance and economic swing. Theres been any acquiring predisposition recently to reduce the difficulty connected with cultural insurance policy about personal people legal rights. Ethnicity. Ethnicity is a principal thing to consider influencing the fitness of individuals as well as teams. Ethnicity (or ethnic gathering) express a lot of national contrasts the way of which cultural parties tend to be represented, as well as there may be shut basic ostentation of which ethnicity is a socially developed character, rather than any hereditarily made a decision as well as persisting conviction which in turn decides carry out along with the features of the person, that being said, enrolment of your cultural accumulating is likely to infer particular distinct wellbeing problems as well as wants. Heres an example, the particular anticoagulation drug carbamazepine don and doff once again leads to considerable and in some cases dangerous treatment tendencies inside individuals connected with Asian kitchenware plunge. Certainly, most of these treatment tendencies may well presently happen inside traders who are not necessarily Asian kitchenware, and so they may not happen in all in dividuals connected with Asian kitchenware drop. However realizing has any kind of impact inside the way ones consultant solutions alternatives. Traditions. Most traditions have got frameworks of health and fitness convictions to describe what exactly condition is, just how maybe its treated or maybe taken care of, and also who ought to be integrated the entire time. Their education to that people see tranquil teaching seeing that possessing sociable value for them may have a significant impact on their own collecting to information provided and also their own power to put it to use. Traditional western industrialized sociable requests, for instance, America, that see infection as a possible after effect of trait rational phenomena, suggest regenerative drugs of which challenge micro organisms or maybe utilize complicated engineering to detect and also treat sickness. Diverse sociable requests recognize of which condition is the after effect of otherworldly phenomena and also thrust ask to The almighty or maybe various other serious intercessions of which counter this presumed shame of powerful causes. Traditional troubles assume a true aspect in affected individual consistence. 1 study shown that a collecting of Cambodian grown-ups along with minor elegant instruction pursued important deliberations to visit remedy nevertheless performed so you might say foreseen using fundamental idea of just how alternatives along with the body operate. Quite a few African-Americans share within a culture of which fixates within the essentialness of loved ones and also cathedral. You can find extended link provides along with grandmother and grandfather, aunties, uncles, cousins, or maybe those people who are not really naturally similar nevertheless who assume a crucial aspect inside the loved ones structure. Typically, a vital comparable will be counselled with regard to critical medical choices. The particular members are a paramount aid supporting system for many African-Americans. References Retrieved from http://www.humiliationstudies.org/documents/GabrHealthEthics.pdf Retrieved from http://www.ucema.edu.ar/u/je49/capital_humano/Murphy_Topel_JPE.pdf Retrieved from https://www.health.govt.nz/system/files/documents/publications/cornwallanddavey.pdf

Essay --

The French and Indian war began in the year of 1754. The war began when a group of Virginian Settlers went to claim land, given to them by the king, near the Ohio River. When they arrived, the French kicked them out and would not let them have the land. As tensions slowly rose, Major George Washington led a group of Virginians to where the French had staked their claim. After being politely yet sternly sent away, Washington and his troops decided to camp out while reinforcements arrived. This is not for free. Don't steal. After arming themselves and the reinforcements, Washington and his men attacked the fort. After killing ten men, capturing twenty-one, and letting one escape, the first battle of the French-Indian War had ended. War erupted between France and Great Britain in the new world, and in England. The French and Indian War brought many hardships upon the colonists, whom were caught in the middle of the whole fiasco: the war changed ownership of certain colonies in the new w orld; acts were put into effect to help pay off war debt, and influential people from the Revolutionary war got their reputation in war and government from this war. One major effect of the French-Indian War was that some colonies in the new world changed in terms of ownership. Some of France’s colonies in present-day Canada were signed over to Great Britain after the war. Florida was also was signed away after Spain failed in their attempt to ruin the English. The English settled along the eastern seaboard in Georgia and the Carolinas. The French controlled Louisiana in the South and, to the far North, Acadia and Northeast Canada, where the Cherokee, Catawba, Creek, Choctaw and Chickasaw Indians lived. Don't steal this paper. The region in between th... ... Braddock was killed. George Washington escaped unharmed and led the survivors in retreat. Later, he would lead his men in a battle with heir own mother country with his strong leadership skills. The French-Indian war ended on September 8, 1760. The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Paris on February 10, 1763, which resulted in France's loss of all its North American possessions east of the Mississippi River, excluding New Orleans. The war was one that brought an enormous amount of change to the colonies and their owners and left a trail of debt for France and England to take care of. However, the war would be a spark for changes later on in the colonies' history. The whole war changed the way the current king, King George III, would view Britain’s colonies. He would give taxes, not only for the sake of war debt, but for increased defense for the colonies.

Euphoria: Glengarry Glen Ross :: essays research papers fc

Euphoria   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Glengarry Glen Ross is a movie based on the award winning play by David Mamet dealing with the corrupt world of real estate salesmen in hot pursuit of closing their next big deal in hopes of obtaining the American Dream. The desire for the next big lead or prospect as it is called in the real estate world causes the salesman to act out in a foolish and oftentimes violent manner. The behavior the salesmen demonstrate when a lead is unavailable can be compared to a crack head experiencing withdrawal symptoms. Both will deviate from what is socially acceptable behavior and become violent with actions or words, harm others or their property and cause them and others stress related illnesses.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Salesmen are put under tremendous amounts of stress by their bosses on a daily basis. The 3M meetings or â€Å"morning motivational meetings,† are designed to keep the salespeople alert, on their toes and ready to control the mind of any hot leads they might obtain that day. An example of this in the movie is when Dave Moss states, ‘â€Å"I’ve got 48 hours to make a lot of money,’† (Glengarry Glen Ross). You can almost feel the tension oozing from the desperate man’s voice as he speaks these words. This type of ultimatum will in effect cause the person to become anxious and panicked as they attempt to meet the deadline their boss has placed on them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Psychological mind control is a way the bosses motivate their salespeople and this mind control has a trickle down effect. The salespeople then use the mind control technique they learn from their bosses on their clients as well. In the movie, Shelley Levine aka â€Å"The Machine,† illustrates the technique on a prospect: ‘â€Å"You gotta’ believe in yourself†¦If you see the opportunity then take it†¦ this is the now and this is that dream†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ (Glengarry Glen Ross). Shelley Levine then proceeds to tell his client â€Å"‘Now I want you to sign†¦I sat for five minutes then I sat for twenty two minutes watching the clock on the wall†¦ I locked in on them and they finally signed’† (Glengarry Glen Ross). This hypnotic effect of mind control is hard to master; however, once the defense barriers are broken one can close many deals.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After many disappointing cold calls, meetings and drop bys one of the salesmen, Dave Moss, has an idea that he feels is sure to be the solution to all their troubles with the bad leads.

Influences and Characteristics of Entrepreneurial Behavior Essay

Management skill and strong team building abilities are often perceived as essential leadership attributes[3] for successful entrepreneurs. Robert B. Reich considers leadership, management ability, and team-building as essential qualities of an entrepreneur. This concept has its origins in the work of Richard Cantillon in his Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en (1755) and Jean-Baptiste Say[4] in his Treatise on Political Economy. Psychological studies show that the psychological propensities for male and female entrepreneurs are more similar than different. A growing body of work shows that entrepreneurial behavior is dependent on social and economic factors. For example, countries with healthy and diversified labor markets or stronger safety nets show a more favorable ratio of opportunity-driven rather than necessity-driven women entrepreneurs. Empirical studies suggest that male entrepreneurs possess strong negotiating skills and consensus-forming abilities. Research studies that explore the characteristics and personality traits of, and influences on, the entrepreneur have come to differing conclusions. Most, however, agree on certain consistent entrepreneurial traits and environmental influences. Although certain entrepreneurial traits are required, entrepreneurial behaviours are also dynamic and influenced by environmental factors. Shane and Venkataraman (2000) argue that the entrepreneur is solely concerned with opportunity recognition and exploitation, although the opportunity that is recognised depends on the type of entrepreneur; while Ucbasaran et al. (2001) argue there are many different types contingent upon environmental and personal circumstances. Jesper Sà ¸rensen has argued that some of the most significant influences on an individual’s decision to become an entrepreneur are workplace peers and the social composition of the workplace. In researching the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur based upon working with former entrepreneurs, Sà ¸rensen discovered a correlation between working with former entrepreneurs and how often these individuals become entrepreneurs themselves, compared to those who did not work with entrepreneurs.[5] The social composition of the workplace can influence entrepreneurism in workplace peers by proving a possibility for success, causing a â€Å"He can do it, why can’t I?† attitude. As Sà ¸rensen stated, â€Å"When you meet others who have gone out on their own, it doesn’t seem that crazy.† [5] Perception of entrepreneurs The ability of entrepreneurs to innovate is thought to relate to innate traits such as extroversion and a proclivity for risk-taking. According to Schumpeter, the capabilities of innovating, introducing new technologies, increasing efficiency and productivity, or generating new products or services, are characteristic qualities of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurs are catalysts for economic change, and researchers argue that entrepreneurs are highly creative individuals with a tendency to imagine new solutions by finding opportunities for profit or reward.[6] Largely due to the influence of Schumpeter’s heroic conceptions of entrepreneurs, it is widely maintained that entrepreneurs are unusual individuals. In line with this view, there is an emerging research tradition investigating the genetic factors that are perceived to make entrepreneurs so distinctive (Nicolaou and Shane, 2009). However, there are also critical perspectives that attribute these research attitudes to oversimplified methodological and/or philosophical assumptions (Gartner, 2001). For example, it has been argued that entrepreneurs are not that distinctive, but that it is in essence unrealistic preconceptions about â€Å"non-entrepreneurs† that maintain laudatory portraits of â€Å"entrepreneurs† (Ramoglou, 2011). Classification of entrepreneurs A. Based on functional characteristics 1. Innovative entrepreneur: Such entrepreneurs introduce new goods or new methods of production or discover new markets or reorganize the enterprise. 1. EX: new product, new ways of product, new markets and reorganise the enterprise. 2. Imitative or adoptive entrepreneur: Such entrepreneurs don’t innovate,they copy technology or technique of others. 1. EX: Chinese mobiles. 3. Fabian entrepreneur: Such entrepreneur display grates situation and scepticism in experimenting with any change in their enterprise. They change only when there is a serious threat to the very existence of the enterprise. 4. Drone entrepreneurs: Such entrepreneurs are characterised by a diehard conservatism and may even be prepared to suffer the losses. 1. EX: Acc. To MC Kinsey in 2015, 110-130 million people will be unemployed out of which 90-100 million people will be Fresher. [edit]B. Based on development angle 1. Prime mover: This entrepreneur sets in motion a powerful sequence of development expansion and diversification of business. 1. EX: Ambani 2. Manager: such an entrepreneur doesn’t initiate expansion and its content in just staying in business. 3. Minor innovator: This entrepreneur contributes to economic progress by finding better use for existing resources. 1. EX: minimum wastage maximum production. 4. Satellite: This entrepreneur assumes a suppliers role and slowly move towards a productive enterprise. 5. Local trading: such entrepreneur limits his enterprise to the local market. C. Based on entrepreneurs business 1. Manufacturing 2. Wholesaling 3. Retailing 4. Service Based on personality traits 1. The improver: They have unwavering to run these businesses with high integrity and ethics. 2. The advisor: â€Å"Customer is right and we must do everything to please him† because company is built by advisors and advisors become customer focused. 3. The superstar: All depends upon the charisma and on the high energy of the superstar CEO. 1. EX: Richard Branson (400 co’s/Virgin coin), Larry Page (Google), Lt. Steve Jobs (Apple), Ratan Tata (Tata sons). 4. The artists: Are highly creative type, very conscious about business. If feedback is constructive i.e. positive than also lets go with negative self-image. 1. EX: Aamir Khan, Michael Dell (Dell), MC Cormich (EMI). 5. The visionary: Too focused on dreams with little focused on reality. 1. EX: Jack Welch (GE), Bill Gates (Microsoft), Kishore Biyani (Future Group), Warren Buffet (Berkshire Hathaway), Sam Walton (Wall Mart). 6. The analyst: More focused on fixing problems in a systematic way. 1. EX: Gordon Hore (Intel), Rana Kapur (Yes Bank), Gautam Adani (Adani Groups) 7. The fireball: A business owned and operated by a fireball is full of life, energy and optimism. They have â€Å"A get it done attitude in a playful manner†. 1. EX: Malcolm Forbes – Forbes magazine 8. The hero: Have an incredible will and ability to lead the world and your business through challenges. 9. The healer: They provide nurturing harmony to their business, they have uncanny abilities to survive and persists inner calm. 1. EX: Dr. Bindeshwar Pathak (Sulabh International), Kumar Manglam Birla (Son of L.M Birla). 1. The Opportunistic: take advantage of opportunities as they occur. 1. EX: Mark Zuckerberg Theory-based Typologies Recent advances in entrepreneur researcher indicate that the differences in entrepreneurs and the heterogeneity in their behaviors and actions can be traced back to their the founder’s identity. For instance, Fauchart and Gruber (2011) have recently utilized social identity theory to illustrate that entrepreneurs can be distinguished in three main types: Darwinians, Communitarians and Missionaries. These types of founders not only diverge in fundamental ways in terms of their self-views and their social motivations in entrepreneurship, but also engage fairly differently in new firm creation.

Female foeticide Essay

This is the cry of an unborn girl. Female foeticide means killing an unborn girl. Man has covered a long distance from prehistoric ages to 21stcentury, during this long period of time; women had to face different eras. There was a time when worshipping god was considered incomplete without a female presence and there come such a time when she was kept behind† pardah† ,bounded within the boundaries of her own home, many evils surrounding her and much more. she was tortured to the fullest but despite of all those difficulties, women came ahead. She fought and won. Now a days a new trend of female foeticide id evident, by killing her, before she opens her eyes to see this beautiful world. This practice is more in villages. It may be because of the illiteracy, fond for male child and most important reason of female foeticide is poverty because a handsome amount is to be given to the family-in-laws at the time of marriage and secondly increasing evils against women like rapes, eve teasing, kidnapping etc. â€Å"AS A BIRD CANNOT FLY WITH ONE WING A FAMILY CANNOT RUN WITH A MALE ALONE† No one can neglect the contribution of women in the society. Today, whatever height man has achieved, women workout as a ladder For man. Infact,man is on the sky, sitting on the shoulder of woman . she is the foundation of every small to big task being undertaken. Female foeticide is an evil. Even god doesn’t forgive the persons involved in this crime. Eradicating this evil is not a one hand clap!! GOVT., NGO’S and the society have to make out the rule ant then strictly implement it.mother herself has to come ahead and avoid evil practices. A female can give a ray of life to the parents and a ray of hope to the society.what we have to do is to observe inform and prevent female foeticide. always remember : â€Å"GOD RECEIDES WHERE FEMALE IS WORSHIPPED†

Ptlls T1

Name: Caroline RandallDate: 06-03-13 PTLLS Describe what your role, responsibilities and relationships would be as a teacher in terms of the teaching/training cycle T1 unit 1 1. 1 1. 2 1. 3 1. 4 Unit 2 2. 1 2. 2 2. 3 Unit 3 3. 1 3. 2 I am working as a tutor, within a catering department, at a specialist Autistic school for learners from age 5- 22. I am currently teaching entry 3 to level 1 City and Guilds NVQ in Hospitality and Catering and level 2 City and Guilds professional Cookery.My role is to teach the students within the classroom environment this involves all aspects of teaching, including all cross curricular subjects, planning, schemes of work, assessing, making resources, preparing sessions, food ordering. We work as a close team, involving the whole catering department. I work closely alongside the students helping them to understand and practise safe cooking methods and procedures within their qualification.The vocational area of catering also has a range of other subjec ts mapped into the scheme of learning, I include this within the scheme of learning as well as supporting, advising guiding, reading, comprehension, mathematical work, ESD, PLTS, Reflection, I have to model appropriate behaviour and conduct within our working environments, allowing the students to be nurtured and grow within their roles.This includes using appropriate language, body language, eye contact, team work, appropriate discussions with colleagues, listening to others, respect for others, giving clear defined instructions, limiting language- as per each individuals needs, exceptional behaviour points-these are set where age appropriate at the beginning of each session.We use a 3 point behaviour system where students receive 1 point for attending the session, 1 point for meeting their exceptional behaviour point (this could be listen to staff, stay on task) and 1 point for staying on task and completing their work, following the â€Å"golden expectations at Heathermount† these are displayed in every classroom, so we are working from the same rules and expectations. These are discussed at the start of every session- â€Å"school is for learning. Learning is important for a good future. 1. Students and staff will be on time for all sessions. Students and staff will have the right equipment. . Students are expected to go to all of their sessions and take part. 3. Staff will make sure the work students are given meets their needs and strengths. 4. Everyone in Heathermount will be safe and treated with respect. There will be no physical violence. There will be no racism. 5. Everyone will be polite and kind at Heathermount. Remember: make the right choices for your future. I am also a qualified assessor, assessing within their work setting at the required standards, giving positive, constructive criticism if needed. Designing action plans to enable their achievement.Professionalism requires us to maintain appropriate standards and fulfil our responsib ilities to learners, institutions and colleagues. This is achieved by setting professional and personal boundaries which will enable us to be clear about what our limits are and what our professional role involves. It is our responsibility to identify areas outside of the professional boundaries of a teacher, either because of lack of necessary skills or expertise or because it is inappropriate for the teacher to deal with it. This is when external support from other professionals will be required.At Heathermount we work with multiple outside agencies these include: occupation therapists (OT), Speech and Language therapist SALTS, Education psychologists, literacy specialists, Team around the Child (TAC) team around the family (TAF) Internal Quality Assurance practitioners, External assessors, External Consultants, Connexions. Depending on the individual student we may link with. The OT, to improve our students well being, this may include completing exercises and massage with our st udents. I can only help our students once we have been shown by the OT, if the OT has not had time, we are unable to aid the student with this.SALTS work individually and in groups with our students. Each student has a plan from the SALT’s. This means that we as staff need to monitor and assist with this work; i can only work within what I have been shown to do by the SALT’s, as i am not trained in this area. The Education psychologist is a regular visitor to school and helps us as a team with regards to behaviours and well being of our students. The external literacy advisor, who visits Heathermount currently, attends a staff meeting once per week. This is a lengthy staff meeting. TAC and TAF- senior management often attend these meetings with our assistant psychologist.Information that can be passed on this is then passed onto staff at our weekly meetings. This can mean certain students need more attention and time/ observing. We can only help with information that h as been allowed to be passed on and is not confidential. Internal Quality Assurance Practitioners, independent assessors and external consultants- As a Qualified assessor we work closely alongside other professionals. Connexions- this can cause a student to be extremely upset if they realise that they cannot reach their aims and goals. Connexions alongside staff and parents make a realistic learning pathway for the future.Working with all external professionals often can create additional work, reports, actions and tasks for staff at Heathermount. This will always lead to staff needing to be clear to remove the barriers that can easily be formed. * Clear objectives / appropriate deadlines * Additional Time * Additional support to colleagues * Relevant support for students * Real reflection time for self * Ability to access time out! Our learners often show barriers, these may be caused by their disabilities or personality traits. This can lead to a variety of detrimental effects to varying degrees on the running of the class, * disruptive behaviour, non compliance, * refusal, * attitudes to learning, * close down, * Sensory issues, including smell. As we work in a catering environment an initial assessment needs to be produced, is it appropriate, is this the vocational area selected by the students, any issues we need to be aware of, how we can overcome this, how we can phase in if appropriate without these initial questions it could lead to a learner from not achieving. If this information isn’t shared with all relevant staff also this can create issue. It will also stop failure of relationship with staff and other students.As I am a part of a team, there is often staff movement to cover different areas, students, behaviours. This often involves a switch of staff and lead roles with other teachers and the teaching assistants. To ensure a smooth process, clear, honest direct communication is essential. We are all aware of each of our individual students ’ needs, as these are covered in our weekly staff reviews; we also use our internal email system to relate any issues that may occur. We have a daily briefing to communicate the day’s activities and any changes. This means we have to be flexible and work alongside any staff member at any time.We have an internal ordering system where we work alongside the admin team to receive orders. When we go on external trips with the students we have to work with the bursar, so we can collect any money needed for the trip. This entails getting a petty cash slip, which we have to put the amount of money we want, it is then signed off by management and given to the bursar to collect the money for the trip. We also have a purchase order system for larger items, which works the same way. Therefore we need to have a good working relationship with all colleagues to achieve our expectations within teaching.Each student has an individual profile that is readily available on our x drive wh ich we refer to, for all of their most important information. Appendix Student profile – exemplar Appendix EV’s-exemplar This enables staff (especially agency and visitors who are unfamiliar) to get a general overview of the student and their specific needs. These are kept in all teaching files and contain a picture of the child on them, so we can refer to them for planning and goal setting. The teacher’s role is accountable to many areas; I must meet school requirements as well as local authority and government requirements. Registers * Pupils Records * Annual reviews * Safeguarding * Health and Safety * OFSTED * Disability Act * Codes of conducts Registers Even though I am not personally accountable for the registers I have to ensure that I contribute the relevant information that is required on a regular basis as required by the school procedures. www. education. gov. uk 1. All schools must keep two registers of pupils. The admissions register, which records the personal details of every pupil at the school, and the attendance register which records every pupil’s attendance at every session the school is open to pupils. 2.The contents and maintenance of the school registers is governed by the Education (Pupil Registration) (England) Regulations 2006 (Statutory Instrument 2006/1751) and can be viewed on the Ministry of Justice database at www. statutelaw. gov. uk or on the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) website at www. dcsf. gov. uk/schoolattendance. The regulations took effect on 1 September 2006. 3. This guidance is designed to help schools and local authorities apply the pupil registration regulations and make links between issues around school registers and wider education and children’s services issues.It is also designed to help parents, pupils and others to understand the processes and legislation around pupil registration. 4. The guidance is not a substitute for the Education (Pupil Registratio n) (England) Regulations 2006 or other legislation; nor is it a substitute for guidance on other areas of attendance, education and child welfare. It should not be read in isolation from such legislation and guidance. Admissions Register The Admissions Register records valuable information about pupils at the school, including emergency contact details. The details that must be recorded in the Admissions Register are outlined below.It does not include details about the pupils’ attendance, or the subjects that they are studying or other pupil information. Pupils’ Information Schools must record the details of every pupil at the school in the admissions register. This includes pupils who are attending the school on a temporary basis e. g. travellers’ children, children who are accessing facilities not available at their normal school and â€Å"guest pupils†. The register must include the following information for every pupil: a. the pupil’s full name ; b. the pupil’s gender; c. the pupil’s date of birth; d. the date the pupil was admitted to the school; . the name of the school the pupil last attended; and f. where applicable, a statement that the pupil is a boarder. Parents and Carers In addition to the above information schools must also record the following for each pupil: a. the name and address of every parent and carer of the pupil that is known to the school; b. which of these parents and carers the pupil normally lives with; and c. emergency contact details of the parents and carers. However, some schools record additional details such as dates of birth and mother’s maiden name which they can use in security checks when parents contact the school.Schools may also keep additional information about parents which will ease communications with them. For example, it is useful to know that parents have a hearing impairment which prevents them using a telephone or record email addresses. Attendance Register There is a strong statistical link between attendance and attainment; schools with high attendance levels tend to have high levels of attainment at all key stages but those with low attendance levels tend to have low attainment levels.The attendance register is therefore an important tool in the work of schools to drive up standards and pupils’ attainment. It helps them to identify pupils who might need extra support to catch up lessons they may have missed along with action to tackle poor attendance. Schools must take the attendance register at the start of each morning session and during each afternoon session that they are open (see paragraph 11). On each occasion they must record whether every pupil was: a. present; b. absent; c. present at approved educational activity; or . unable to attend due to exceptional circumstances. They must also record whether the absence of a compulsory school-age pupil was authorised or not. There is no requirement to authorise/unauthorised absence of non-compulsory school-age pupils but schools can still use the national attendance and absence codes to help them identify/monitor vulnerable children. The Annual Review – Guidelines for Schools www. ace-ed. org. uk Introduction The school must have a copy of the statement of special educational needs.The statement consists of the statement cover and all the appendices. The statement and any previous reviews must be available to all those who work with the child in order to inform the individual education plan (IEP). The IEP should be updated when the annual review is completed and new targets set and reviewed at least termly. These guidelines provide specific advice and guidance to schools and independent non-maintained schools which provide placements for children with Statements of Special Educational Needs. Purpose of the Annual ReviewThe annual review should aim: To assess the child’s progress towards meeting the long term objectives specified in the s tatement and to collate and record information that the school and other professionals can use in planning their support for the child In the case of the first annual review, to assess the child’s progress towards meeting the targets agreed and recorded in the IEP’s following the making of the statement; and in the case of all other annual reviews to assess progress towards the targets in the IEP’s set at the previous reviewTo review the special provision made for the child, including the appropriateness of any special equipment provided, in the context of the National Curriculum and associated assessment and reporting arrangements. Where appropriate, the school should consider providing a profile of the child’s current levels of attainment in basic literacy, numeracy and life skills for pupils being assessed with P – levels, and English, Maths and Science for pupils under National Curriculum level 1, and a summary of progress achieved in other are as of the curriculum, including the National Curriculum.At Heathermount we use B Squared and CASPA are data programmes which we use to record the students’ achievements and progress academically. The B squared is updated by all teaching staff, a minimum of once per term. This is then merged into CASPA, which shows the students full progress within the school and nationally within the National Curriculum. This is kept within our central records. This enables us to work on the areas needed to bring the student up to the national curriculum level within each subject. We can access this at any time. This is used in core subjects alongside the national curriculum.Where the statement involves a Modification or dis-application of the National Curriculum, the school should indicate what special arrangements have been made for the child to consider the continuing appropriateness of the statement in the light of the child’s performance during the previous year, any additional sp ecial educational needs which may have become apparent in that time and any needs that have been met and are no longer an issue, and thus to consider whether to cease to maintain the statement or whether to make any amendments, including any further modifications or dis-application of the National Curriculum, and if the statement is to be maintained, to set new targets for the coming year; progress towards those targets can be considered at the next review. Objectives and Targets For practical purposes generally the following distinction is made: Long term objectives: the overall objectives set for the child’s progress for the duration of the statement * annual objectives: the medium term objectives set for the year * Targets: (SMART) specific short term targets related to the established long term objectives and annual objectives will appear in the IEP which should be reviewed on at least a termly basis. The Timing of the Annual Review The annual review process must be compl eted within one year of the date of the final statement and within each twelve months thereafter. The process is not complete until the Local Authority (LA) has circulated its recommendations; this can be up to six weeks after the annual review meeting is held.The annual review can be brought forward and this is sometimes helpful or necessary to: a) Bring the annual review meeting in line with the school’s other arrangements for reporting to parent(s)/carer(s) b) Spread annual reviews evenly over the year where there are many children with statements c) Deal with annual reviews at a single point of the school year where there are only a few children with a statement d) Reflect the circumstances of the child and the need for early decisions to be made regarding transfer between phases e) Enable the LA to respond to an exceptional change in circumstances. If the annual review is to be brought forward, the parent(s)/carer(s) should be consulted and the SEN Team informed. Ideally , arrangements for bringing dates forward should be made at the beginning of the academic year. The annual review cannot legally be delayed for over 1 year from the date of the statement or the date the LA issued recommendations from the previous review. Each school must produce a range of policies which formally set out the guidelines and procedures for ensuring equality. Health and SafetyWorking within the catering department, the training kitchen and the main kitchen for the school we all follow the required Health and Safety regulations, wear the advised PPE. Some of the basic risks for my allocated areas are: * Prevent contamination and you reduce or even eliminate the slip risk. * Avoid spillage and leakage onto the floor. * Most slip injuries happen on wet floors, so clean up spills immediately. * Dry floors after wet cleaning, e. g. after mopping. * Selecting and using the most appropriate footwear for the work environment can reduce the slip risk. Data from reported acciden ts reveals the priority areas for accident prevention in the industry are slips, trips, handling, cuts and exposure to hot and harmful substances.As staff we have completed PPE (personal and protective equipment), COSHH (control of substances hazardous to health) and HACCUP (hazards and analysis and critical control points) food hygiene course. This enables staff to be aware of risks within the catering environment and help to prevent them. We all have completed risk assessments in our rooms and we take precautions by locking unsafe equipment away, making sure students have the correct training when using this equipment. A full uniform is worn by students, which covers PPE regulations. Safety of students and staff is paramount and the management team try to minimalise the risks at all times, making sure we are adequately staffed. We follow the safety rules showing students how we expect tasks to be completed safely and appropriately.We discuss things as a group, not highlighting ind ividual mistakes. http://www. hse. gov. uk/risk/index. htm http://www. hse. gov. uk/risk/classroom-checklist. htm http://www. hse. gov. uk/risk/principles. htm By working in the catering department, I am fully aware of career inspirations and progression that our students would want to take. As part of this role I have to ensure with the catering team, that we have a real life work environment that supports the transition of our students into work placements and further along the line – work! With the current working statistics, this is going to be hard for anyone, so our students have to work at times twice as hard to prove their occupational competence.At this time we are expanding the opportunities within our department by outside catering, working in the main kitchen, mentoring younger students and work placements at various locations. The catering department are therefore working with our local community to enable the opportunities to expand. This includes community cent res, schools, colleges, banks, major stores and small businesses. Appendix – Room risk Assessment Appendix – Equipment risk assessment Appendix- lost child procedure What is safeguarding? It might be difficult to accept, but every child can be hurt, put at risk of harm or abused, regardless of their age, gender, religion or ethnicity. Safeguarding legislation and government guidance says that safeguarding means: * protecting children from maltreatment preventing impairment of children’s health or development * Ensuring that children are growing up in circumstances consistent with the provision of safe and effective care. And â€Å"undertaking that role so as to enable those children to have optimum life chances and to enter adulthood successfully. † http://www. safenetwork. org. uk/getting_started/Pages/Why_does_safeguarding_matter. aspx We report and write a report of any safe guarding issues to our designated senior leadership team member. She then deal s with this, as it is confidential. Phone calls Appendix – Incident report from Ofsted is the Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills. They report directly to Parliament and are independent and impartial.They inspect and regulate services which care for children and young people, and those providing education and skills for learners of all ages. www. ofsted. gov. uk The purpose of the schools sections of the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 (As amended by the Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001) http://www. equalityhumanrights. com/uploaded_files/drc_schools_code. pd This Code covers young people over the age of sixteen when in school. The Disability Rights Commission (DRC) is issuing a separate Code of Practice to explain how the duties apply in further and higher education and to give practical guidance to providers of ‘post-16’ education that are not schools. There are three main sources of support available to disabled pupils in school.These come from different parts of the legislation. Support is available through: the disability discrimination duties the planning duties; and the Special Educational Needs (SEN) framework. The definition of disability which is the basis for all the duties is set out in the Disability Discrimination Act. We need to ensure we follow the reasonable adjustments duty. * Not to treat disabled pupils less favourably * To take reasonable steps to avoid putting disabled pupils at a substantial disadvantage. Regardless of disabilities all students must be treated fairly and equally. Aids and disabled access should be added to the environment, so disabled people can access the site and workAt Heathermount on our x drive with in the staff hand book we have policies that will and do cover the following: * The rights of all individuals and groups within the school. * The values and practice which are part of all aspects of school life. * The legal duties of the school. Code of Professional Practice These boundaries could have a negative effect on us as teachers as well as other professionals within the organisation. We therefore need to deal with these boundaries by referring to the Institute for Learning's (IfL) Code of Practice (2008) which outlines the behaviours expected of teachers in the Lifelong Sector http://www. ifl. ac. uk/membership/professional-standards/code-of-professional-practice The Institute for Learning’s code of Professional Practice came into force on 1 April 2008.The Code was developed by the profession for the profession and it outlines the behaviours expected of members – for the benefit of learners, employers, the profession and the wider community. * Integrity * Respect * Care * Practice * Disclosure * Responsibility The members shall; Behaviour 1: Professional integrity 1. Meet their professional responsibilities consistent with the Institute’s professional values 2. Use reasonable professional judg ement when discharging differing responsibilities and obligations to learners, colleagues, institution and the wider profession 3. Uphold the reputation of the profession by never unjustly or knowingly damaging the professional reputation of another or furthering their own position unfairly at the expense of another 4.Comply with all reasonable assessment and quality procedures and obligations 5. Uphold the standing and reputation of the Institute and not knowingly undermine or misrepresent its views nor their Institute membership, any qualification or professional status The members shall at all times: Behaviour 2: Respect 1. Respect the rights of learners and colleagues in accordance with relevant legislation and organisation requirements 2. Act in a manner which recognises diversity as an asset and does not discriminate in respect of race, gender, disability and/or learning difficulty, age, sexual orientation or religion and belief. The members shall takeBehaviour 3: Reasonable c are Reasonable care to ensure the safety and welfare of learners and comply with relevant statutory provisions to support their well-being and development. Behaviour 4: Professional practice The members shall provide evidence to the Institute that they have complied with the current Institute CPD policy and guidelines. Behaviour 5: Criminal offence disclosure Any member shall notify the Institute as soon as practicable after cautioning or conviction for a criminal offence. The Institute reserves the right to act on such information through its disciplinary process. Behaviour 6: Responsibility during Institute investigationsA member shall use their best endeavours to assist in any investigation and shall not seek to dissuade, penalise or discourage a person from bringing a complaint against any member, interfere with or otherwise compromise due process. Behaviour 7: Responsibility to the Institute The members shall at all time act in accordance with the Institute’s conditions of membership which will be subject to change from time to time. There are four sanctions which can be applied to members who breach the Code of professional practice: * A reprimand * A conditional registration order * A suspension order * An expulsion order The nature of the sanction imposed will depend upon the circumstances of the case. IfL has issued indicative sanctions guidance to the professional practice committee.Any disciplinary order imposed by IfL relates only to a member's class and status within IfL and bears no connection to relationships outside of that, such as membership of another organisation or employment. Lesson Plans evaluation/comments: Appendix Scheme of learning Appendix lesson plan Lesson plans alongside teaching folders are collected in termly, by the head teacher, assistant heads and education psychologist. These are reviewed as part of our good practise. As I teach and assess entry 3 and level 1 hospitality and catering and level 2 professional cookery. I follow set criteria by City and Guilds. This involves assessment plans being completed.I assess the students’ general tasks that need to be completed, specific techniques, ingredients and equipment that must be covered throughout the student, making sure they reach the required standard for that unit. I then complete the paperwork for that unit. In our folders this is dating, evidencing, mapping, photographs, observations, written evidence cross referenced cross referencing with the correct units and then mapping onto the specific unit being assessed. When I have assessed a specific unit the internal quality assurance practitioner assesses my ability to assess by checking the students work, making sure all of the assessments made by myself is carried out to the correct standards. They also standardise across all assessors.We may have a visit or a remote visit by external consultants who checks that our centre is operating the appropriate internal quality assurance processe s and procedures for the qualification in line with the awarding body requirements. We can then be approved to certificate! Vocational Tutors with subject specialism have responsibility as subject coordinators for the development and monitoring of curriculum delivery across the centre in the relevant subject. Main responsibilities and expectations * Knowledge and understanding * Planning and setting expectations * Teaching and managing students’ learning and care * Assessment and evaluation * Students achievement * Relations with parents and the wider community Managing own performance and development * Managing and developing staff and other adults * Managing resources * Strategic leadership As a member of staff of the catering department, we are all focused on CPD, we have to fulfil our assessor’s requirements, vocationally and knowledge based. This can be meetings, directed days, personal reflection, and standardisation. Our internal verifier for catering comes into school termly. She then reviews the students’ folders and units completed. We have standardisation meetings with her to ensure we are all assessing to the correct level and standard, reaching the set criteria. This is discussed at every visit, once termly.We all assess to TAQA- (training and quality assurance) At present our CPD for all staff has been focused on literacy. We have had an expert in from the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead (Jo Hefer) every week to help us improve the standard of literacy within the school as a whole. This has involved practical and group work. During INSET days we complete CPD activities and courses. We have all recently completed MAYBO www. maybo. co. uk/ leaders in conflict management course If staff want to apply for additional courses, a request is completed, which needs to be agreed by the Senior Leadership Team. We also have to be up to date with the vocational sector.This is by being registered with and tracking our sector skills council directive, apprenticeship guidance and at times government agendas. As government changes, funding bodies change names, location and funding streams, Heathermount has started to employ apprentices. I work alongside the Catering apprentices. The apprentices started in May 2012 which has been a steep learning curve for the Catering department. http://www. lge. gov. uk/lge/core/page. do? pageId=3577861#contents-4 An apprenticeship should therefore be a planned programmed in place for a defined period of time that combines work and learning and supports an individual to develop skills and knowledge, usually within the framework of achieving a qualification for a particular trade or profession.Managing apprentices As an employee, apprentices should be managed under the local authority’s normal performance management policies, and the employer can require the apprentice to comply with the employer’s normal policies and conditions of employment. However, there are sp ecial rights and duties to take account of if the local authority wishes to terminate the apprenticeship earlier than originally specified in the contract. Local authorities should be aware that misconduct that would normally justify the summary dismissal of an employee may not justify the dismissal of an apprentice. Traditionally apprenticeship schemes set the employer in loco parentis.This implies that the employer has a wider duty of care to support the personal growth and learning of the apprentice, in addition to providing professional development and skills. As a result, the local authority would be expected to exercise more leeway and provide additional support for an apprentice with conduct or capability issues. However, where a local authority can show that the conduct or capability of the apprentice is so bad that it is impossible to teach him or her agreed trade, then the early dismissal of the apprentice is capable of being fair (Newell v Gillingham Corporation). Appendi ces 1. Job Description 2. Student profile 3. Room risk assessment 4. Equipment risk assessment 5. Incident Form 6. Scheme of learning